Tracheobronchial stenting involves the insertion of a tube-like device called a stent into the trachea or bronchi to keep the airway open. These stents are typically made of metal or silicone and are designed to be flexible and durable. The stent helps to maintain an open passage for air to flow, ensuring that the patient can breathe more easily. The procedure is typically performed using a bronchoscope, a long, flexible tube with a camera and light at the end, which allows the doctor to guide the stent into the desired location.

When is Tracheobronchial Stenting Needed?

Tracheobronchial stenting is primarily used in cases where there is a narrowing or blockage of the airways. Some of the common conditions that may require this procedure include:

1. Lung Cancer: Tumors in the airway can cause partial or complete obstruction. A stent is inserted to open up the airway and improve breathing.
2. Benign Tumors or Growths: Non-cancerous growths in the trachea or bronchi can also obstruct airflow. Stenting is used to relieve symptoms and restore normal airflow.
3. COPD: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can lead to the collapse of the airways, especially during flare-ups. A stent may be necessary to provide relief and prevent further complications.
4. Tracheomalacia: This condition, where the trachea becomes weak and floppy, can cause airway collapse. A stent can help to support the airway.
5. Post-Surgical Complications: After surgeries involving the lungs or airways, scarring or other issues can lead to airway narrowing. Stenting can help maintain the airway’s openness during the recovery period.

Procedure and Benefits

The procedure to insert a tracheobronchial stent is typically done under local anesthesia or sedation, and in some cases, general anesthesia may be used. The bronchoscope is passed through the mouth or nose into the airways, allowing Dr. Shivanshu Goyal to visualize the blockage or narrowing. Once the correct location is identified, the stent is carefully placed to hold the airway open.

The primary benefits of tracheobronchial stenting include:

• Improved Breathing: The stent restores airflow, allowing the patient to breathe more easily, especially in cases where airway obstruction is causing significant breathing difficulties.
• Reduced Symptoms: Symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, and coughing due to airway obstruction are alleviated after the stent is inserted.
• Minimally Invasive: Compared to traditional surgery, tracheobronchial stenting is a minimally invasive procedure with faster recovery times.
• Long-Term Relief: For many patients, the stent provides long-term relief from airway obstruction, reducing the need for frequent hospital visits or additional treatments.

Potential Risks and Aftercare

Like any medical procedure, tracheobronchial stenting carries some risks, including:

• Infection: Though rare, infection is a possibility after the procedure.
• Stent Migration or Displacement: In some cases, the stent may shift out of place, requiring a second procedure.
• Airway Irritation: Some patients may experience irritation or discomfort in the throat or chest after the stent placement.

After the procedure, patients are monitored closely to ensure the stent is functioning properly. Follow-up visits are required to check for any complications and ensure the stent remains in place.